Editorial
Yehia
El-Gamal
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2017
eng
The Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
The Egyptian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (ESPAI)
1687-1642
15
v.
1
no.
2017
2
2
https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_11945_d6db434d1dae0c4d9145f574ed1823ae.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejpa.2017.11945
Gastrointestinal manifestations in children with primary immunodeficiency diseases
Shereen
Reda
MD, PhD FRCPE. Professor of Pediatrics and Pediatric Allergy/Immunology, Ain-Shams University, Egypt. Member of the European Society of Immunodeficiency (ESID)
author
text
article
2017
eng
The Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
The Egyptian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (ESPAI)
1687-1642
15
v.
1
no.
2017
3
8
https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_11946_d17e64f60e8addb0d50d6d99ecaca3e5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejpa.2017.11946
Detection of rhinovirus-associated asthma exacerbations using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in Egyptian children
Magda
El-Seify
MD, PhD. Professor of Pediatrics and Pediatric Pulmonology, Ain-Shams University, Egypt
author
Marwa
Al-Fahham
Departments of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
author
Noha
Salah El-Deen
Department Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Shaimaa
El Nashar
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2017
eng
Background: Acute exacerbations of asthma are the leading cause of emergency department visits in pediatric patients. The development of sensitive diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based techniques permitted demonstration of an already clinically suspected association between common viral respiratory infections and asthma exacerbations. Respiratory viruses have been identified in 80–85% of exacerbations in school-aged children, with human rhinoviruses (HRVs) being the most frequently detected. A recently identified HRV genotype, HRV-C, is circulating worldwide and is an important cause of febrile wheeze and asthmatic exacerbations in children requiring hospitalization. Objectives: This study aimed to detect HRV- induced asthma exacerbations (including the new HRV-C genotype) among a group of Egyptian children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 31 asthmatic children in exacerbations in the period from September 2014 till October 2015. Patients were recruited from the emergency department and chest clinic, Children's hospital, Ain Shams University. Sputum (for children ≥7years) and nasopharyngeal aspirates (for infants and children<7years) were collected for one-step, real-time pan Rhinovirus reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. One step RT-PCR was done to detect Rhinovirus C among positive cases. Results: This study included 31 asthmatic children in exacerbations. They were 15 males (48.4%) and 16 females (51.6%). Their ages ranged from 7 months to 12 years with a mean and SD of (4.47 ± 3.15) years. Eight (25.8%) of the studied patients showed positive Rhinovirus RT-PCR test and 4 (50%) of the HRV positive patients were of the Rhinovirus C genotype (12.9% of the total population). HRV positive patients showed higher percentage of positive family history of bronchial asthma (p=0.002), higher mean values of respiratory rate (p=0.001) and temperature (p=0.001), but lower mean value of oxygen saturation (p =0.011). There were statistically significant differences regarding the exacerbation severity (p=0.024) and outcome (p=0.048) between HRV positive and negative patients. Conclusion: HRVs are important triggers of asthma exacerbations among Egyptian children. The newly described HRV-C genotype accounts for a significant proportion of HRV- associated asthma exacerbations. Further studies on a larger scale are needed for HRV-C and other possibly undiscovered HRV genotypes.
The Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
The Egyptian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (ESPAI)
1687-1642
15
v.
1
no.
2017
9
15
https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_11947_c2bf2d90447e6f66748ab21535d65e4b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejpa.2017.11947
The relationship between tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies and clinical manifestations in a group of children, adolescent and adult patients with type -I diabetes mellitus
Eglal
Shawky
Departments of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
author
Assmaa
Ahmad
Departments of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
author
Abdel-Azeem
El-Mazary
Departments of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
author
Ghada
Al-Sagheer
Departments of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
author
Ahmed
Saedii
Department Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
author
text
article
2017
eng
Background: Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1-DM) is the commonest endocrine-metabolic disease in childhood. The prevalence of CD in type-1 DM ranges from 0.6 to 16.4% compared with 0.01–0.03% in the general population. The mechanism of association between the two diseases involves a shared genetic background of HLA genotype. Serum tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies (tTG IgA) are considered specific and sensitive markers for screening of Celiac disease in more than 95 % of patients. Objective: Screening for the presence of serum tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies (tTG ab) as a specific and sensitive biochemical marker for Celiac disease in patients with type-1DM and its relation to the clinical manifestations of those patients. Methods: One hundred-forty-nine patients with type-1 DM attending the out-patient clinic of endocrine and metabolism, Minia University Hospital were screened for the presence of serum tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies during the period from March 2014 to November 2015. Results: Out of 149 patients 8 patients (5.3%) were positive for IgA tTG antibodies. They who were predominantly of female gender (75% were females). According to each age group, there were four sero-positive cases in children (with age group between 9 and ≤ 12 years); two cases in adolescents (with age group between 12 and ≤ 16 years) and two cases in adults (with age group 16-21 years). Intestinal manifestations, chronic diarrhea, recurrent abdominal pain/ distension, recurrent aphtha's stomatitis, anemia and bleeding tendency were significantly more common in seropositive cases (P=0.001, 0.001, 0.016, 0.00, 0.001and 0.04 respectively). All seropositive cases (100%) had lower BMIs than normal. There were no correlations between the tTG antibodies levels and HbA1c levels. Conclusions: The presence of tTG IgA antibodies is associated with significant changes in the clinical status of a patient with type-1 DM. Celiac disease-related manifestations like weight loss; anemia and chronic diarrhea were more common in seropositive diabetic patients. Serological screening for CD should be performed in all patients with type-1DM for early diagnosis and prevention of complications.
The Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
The Egyptian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (ESPAI)
1687-1642
15
v.
1
no.
2017
17
23
https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_11948_c905704bec57aa51c3da9d6332557f5c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejpa.2017.11948
Reliability of candida skin test in the evaluation of T-cell function in infancy
Shereen
Reda
MD, PhD FRCPE. Professor of Pediatrics and Pediatric Allergy/Immunology, Ain-Shams University, Egypt. Member of the European Society of Immunodeficiency (ESID)
author
Rasha
El-Owaidy
MD, PhD. Lecturer of Pediatrics and Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ain-Shams University, Egypt. Member, ESPAI, WAO, EAACI, ESID, ASID
author
Neama
Mohamed
Department of Clinical Pathology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
author
Shaimaa
El- Toukhy
Department of Pediatrics, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2017
eng
Background: Both standardized and non-standardized candida skin tests are used in clinical practice for functional in-vivo assessment of cellular immunity with variable results and are considered not reliable under the age of 1 year. We sought to investigate the reliability of using manually prepared candida intradermal test in the evaluation of T cell function in infants during their second year of life. Methods: Twenty-five healthy infants were tested with manually prepared intradermal candida test. Cultured lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) levels were measured in the culture supernatant of stimulated and non-stimulated samples using ELISA. Results: The enrolled infants were 14 to 24 months old (mean 19.2 ± 3.13 months). They were 17 boys (68 %) and 8 girls (32 %). Candida skin test was positive in 17 out of the 25 infants (68%). All infants showed increased IFN-γ levels after PHA stimulation (mean ± SD: 0.83±0.29 ng/ml) compared to basal levels (mean ± SD = 0.16 ± 0.16 ng/ml). The increase of IFN γ levels after PHA stimulation ranged from 1.54 to 38 folds. Infants with positive and negative candida tests showed comparable results in terms of clinical and immunological assessment except for weight percentiles for age that were higher among candida positive group. Conclusion: Candida intradermal test is a cost-effective simple test for evaluation of T cell function with 70 % sensitivity in healthy infants above the age of one year.
The Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
The Egyptian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (ESPAI)
1687-1642
15
v.
1
no.
2017
25
30
https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_11949_a9ff15a678e435f0e7e95e88e26705fd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejpa.2017.11949