@article { author = {El-Gamal, Yehia}, title = {Editorial: Editor-in-Chief}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {36-36}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (ESPAI)}, issn = {1687-1642}, eissn = {2314-8934}, doi = {10.21608/ejpa.2017.16683}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_16683.html}, eprint = {https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_16683_27a6000143264699e09125961aab2d4e.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Gamal, Yehia and Abdou, Rania and Hamza, Mohamed and Saeid, Hayam}, title = {Impact of maternal gestational diabetes on neutrophil functions of full term neonates}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {51-56}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (ESPAI)}, issn = {1687-1642}, eissn = {2314-8934}, doi = {10.21608/ejpa.2017.16756}, abstract = {Background: Maternal gestational diabetes is associated with an inflammatory environment that may contribute to fetal and placental inflammatory profile changes. Few studies investigated the effect of maternal gestational diabetes on neonatal innate immunity. Objectives: Our objective was to study neutrophil number and function in neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes. Methods: Neutrophil number (complete blood count) and functions [CD11b, CD62L and Dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR) by flow cytometry] were assessed in the cord blood of 30 full term neonates born to gestational diabetic mothers on insulin during pregnancy and another 15 born to healthy mothers as controls. Results: The mean total leucocytic and absolute neutrophil count were significantly lower in neonates of diabetics than in normal neonates (13.55± 2.51 and 17.89± 3.66 p> 0.001; 9.01±1.59 and 14.18±3.44 p>0.001 respectively). Mean CD11b, CD62L and DHR were lower among neonates of diabetic mothers than normal neonates (82.48± 8.09 & 87.85± 4.87 p < 0.05; 8.63±4.41 and 24.98±10.47 p <0.001; 68.71± 10.24 and 79.57±8.64 p< 0.001 respectively). Unlike the control neonates, neonates of gestational diabetic mothers had positive correlation between the functional neutrophil parameters (r0.39 p<0.05). Conclusion: Gestational diabetes affects cord blood neutrophil count and functions leading to high susceptibility to infection.}, keywords = {Gestational,Diabetes mellitus,Neutrophils}, url = {https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_16756.html}, eprint = {https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_16756_e15f9a7cd96fd6e7baf700a7063edfe3.pdf} } @article { author = {Hossny, Elham and El-Owaidy, Rasha and Mohamed, Neama and Hassanin, Ehsan}, title = {Regulatory natural killer cell expression in atopic childhood asthma}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {57-62}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (ESPAI)}, issn = {1687-1642}, eissn = {2314-8934}, doi = {10.21608/ejpa.2017.16757}, abstract = {Introduction: Different subsets of natural killer (NK) cells were found to play a role in pathogenesis of allergy. We sought to investigate the expression of regulatory NK cells (CD56+CD16+CD158+) in atopic children with bronchial asthma in order to outline the value of these cells as biomarkers of disease severity and/or control. Methods: A cross sectional controlled study was carried out in the Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Ain Shams University. The study included 45 atopic children [mean age(SD)= (2.9) years] with bronchial asthma (BA) and/or allergic rhinitis (AR)as well as 40 healthy matched controls. Enrolled subjects underwent complete blood counting and flow cytometric measurement of NK cell (CD16+ CD56+) and regulatory NK cells (CD16+CD56+CD158+). Results: Patients had significantly higher regulatory NK cell percentages [mean (SD)= 41 (52) %] than controls [mean (SD)=15 (7.1)]; p≤0.001. Regulatory NK cell counts and percentages did not vary with the concomitant presence of AR or the degree of asthma control. Regulatory NK cell counts tended to be higher in children with moderate/severe BA compared to those with mild asthma but the difference did not reach statistical significance (U= -1.8, p=0.06). NK cell counts [mean (SD)= 159 (164) cells/μl] and percentages [mean (SD)= 3.7 (3.2) %] were comparable among patients and controls and did not vary with the presence of AR (p= 0.51, 0.95) or with the degree of asthma control. NK cells absolute counts and percentages tended to be higher among patients with moderate/severe compared to mild asthma but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Regulatory NK cells seem to be increased in childhood asthma. We recommend wider scale prospective studies on steroid-naïve subjects involving measurement of cytokines that are secreted by different types of NK cells.}, keywords = {Natural Killer,regulatory,Asthma,children,allergy}, url = {https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_16757.html}, eprint = {https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_16757_ed82dad18f294c1d29cfb1bc798efbed.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Sayed, Hoda and El-Gendy, Yasmine and Radwan, Nesrine and Farweez, Botheina and Fouda, Shaimaa}, title = {Lymphocyte subtype dysregulation in a group of children with simple obesity}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {63-68}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (ESPAI)}, issn = {1687-1642}, eissn = {2314-8934}, doi = {10.21608/ejpa.2017.16758}, abstract = {Background: Obesity as a global public health problem is increasing in prevalence. Reports showed that obese children are more liable to infection than lean ones; it was claimed that obese subjects have altered peripheral blood total lymphocyte counts in addition to reduced lymphocyte proliferative response to mitogen stimulation as well as dysregulated cytokine expression. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of childhood obesity on cell mediated immunity as indicated by peripheral blood lymphocyte phenotyping. Methods: We enrolled 30 school-aged children (mean age 10±3.27 years). They comprised two groups; 20 obese children with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 39.2± 12.5 and 10 matched control subjects with mean BMI of 18.4± 1.9. They were subjected to detailed anthropometric evaluation including weight, height, and waist hip ratio in addition to calculation of BMI, complete blood counting, and flow cytometric assessment of T-helper (CD4), T-cytotoxic/suppressor (CD8), and natural killer (CD56) cell counts . Results: The absolute lymphocyte (CD3) and natural killer cell (CD56) counts were comparable in both groups. However, the CD4%, CD8%, CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly lower in the obese children (p=0.02, 0.03, 0.015 respectively). A significant negative correlation could be elicited between the CD4 count and bodyweight, BMI, and hip waist ratio (p = 0.00); the same was observed for CD4/CD8 ratio (p = 0.00). On the contrary, CD8 correlated positively to the bodyweight, BMI, and waist hip ratio (p = 0.00 for each). Conclusion: Obesity has an impact on lymphocytic subset counts and further studies are needed to assess its effect on their function.}, keywords = {obesity, children immunology,CD Markers,lymphocytes,BMI}, url = {https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_16758.html}, eprint = {https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_16758_20f6fe3965b512233b2edb73ea8bbece.pdf} }